Research
Open questions
Twenty-four things we do not know, in the order in which answering them would help most.
A visible open-questions list converts a site from a publication into an invitation. “We do not know what Manjia means — do you?” is the sentence most likely to bring an elder’s knowledge into the archive Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C.
Numbers 1 to 23 are the research brief for the next pass, in the report’s own order of expected value. Number 24 is one we opened about ourselves: whether the Sirijunga spelling in this site’s own wordmark is right. Each item says what would settle it. A question moves to partly answered or answered only with a source, and the change is logged on the corrections page.
The list, as of 22 August 2026
What does “Manjia / Manija” mean?
OpenBoth thar lists that carry the name attach the same qualifier, spelled “Manjia” on one and “Manija” on the other लिम्बु थर हरु (a Limbu thar list) The Complete List of Limbu Clans and Tribes E. Elsewhere in the same lists the dash attaches a place — Nogo–Tambarkhola is the Nogo lineage of the Tambar thum — so “Ninglekhu–Manjia” would name a sub-lineage identified by a place, a thum or an ancestor. No source defines it, and searches in Latin and in Devanagari (मन्जिया / माञ्जिया / मञ्जिया) produced nothing.
Which thum and which villages do Ninglekhu/ku families trace to?
OpenNo source places the clan in a thum, in the Khambongba / Tangsangba / Munaphen classification, or in the Lhasa-gotra / Kashi-gotra scheme Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C. Ten interviews recording thum, khola, village and ward would produce a defensible answer where zero sources currently exist. Kirat Yakthung Chumlung should also be approached for the fullest published thar enumeration and for any records equivalent to the samet lists held for other groups Kirat Yakthung Chumlung (Nepal), and Kirat Yakthung Chumlung UK.
Complete the etymology: what do “-le” and “-khu” mean?
OpenThe first element is solid — Starling gives niŋwa, “mind, memory, remembrance; desire, satisfaction, intent” Sino-Tibetan etymological database — the Limbu lexical dataset B. The rest is open: the Pangloss Limbu dictionary of the Mewa Khola dialect blocked automated access throughout Pangloss Collection: the Limbu dictionary of the Mewa Khola dialect, Weidert and Subba sits on an unreachable Internet Archive Weidert, Alfons, and Bikram Subba 1985, and the glossary appendix of Tumbahang’s grammar could not be extracted Tumbahang, Govinda Bahadur.
How is the surname distributed?
OpenRetrying forebears.io, which returned HTTP 403 throughout, and a direct request for surname-frequency data to Nepal’s National Statistics Office.Do the remaining spellings return anything: Ninglekhoo, Ninglaykhu, Ninglehang, Ninglemba, Ninglekhupa?
OpenA systematic search of each spelling in Latin and Devanagari across the sources already indexed.What do the Nepali institutional lists not reached in this pass contain?
OpenElection Commission candidate rolls, SEE and NEB result lists, Nepal Army and Police rolls, Tribhuvan University graduate lists, and Sikkim and Darjeeling electoral rolls were all unreached when the search allowance ran out Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C. These are incomplete searches, not absences.
Is “Ningleku” in Limbu music and vlog content the same thar?
AnsweredAnswered by the clan itself: the name is written both Ninglekhu and Ningleku, both spellings are in use among clan members today, and a group that calls itself Ningleku belongs to the same thar. The site now writes the name Ninglekhu/ku and keeps the two spellings in one record The clan, conveyed by the site’s owner on its behalf 2026 E. The earlier open finding — an undetermined “Ningleku” cluster of music and vlog content online — is resolved on that basis Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C.
What is the seventeen-thum list referenced in Dambar Chemjong’s dissertation?
OpenRecovering the list itself from Chemjong 2017 and its sources.What do the Regmi Research Series volumes say about Limbuwan, kipat, Subba and 1774?
OpenTwenty-one volumes read one by one from Digital Himalaya — the Cornell full-text index is dead, so this must be done manually.Obtain the monographs that are cited here only at second hand.
OpenCaplan Caplan, Lionel 1970, Sagant Sagant, Philippe 1996, Höfer Höfer, Andras 1979, Pradhan Pradhan, Kumar 1991, Rex Jones Jones, Rex L., Chaitanya Subba Subba, Chaitanya, Amrita Thebe Thebe, Amrita and the Law Commission of Sikkim Law Commission of Sikkim were all confirmed to exist but not obtained in full text B.
Is cross-cousin marriage permitted, or forbidden?
OpenA direct reading of Jones or Sagant, against the community sources that say flatly that it is not allowed.Where exactly did the Muluki Ain of 1854 place the Limbus?
OpenA direct quotation from Höfer, rather than the structure confirmed at second hand.Can the eastern-recruitment tradition for 7 and 10 Gurkha Rifles be verified?
OpenA regimental history, read directly.What has happened since early 2025 in the Koshi naming dispute and the Mukkumlung / Pathibhara cable-car dispute?
OpenThe report’s coverage of both disputes runs out in early 2025 and is date-stamped “as of February 2025” wherever it appears on this site 2025 The Kathmandu Post and Ekantipur: the Koshi naming vote (1 March 2023), the December 2024 dialogue committee, and the August 2026 indigenous-language digitisation report C.
Where does the Sikkim Limboo–Tamang seat reservation question now stand?
OpenThe current position from the Government of Sikkim and the Union government, with dates.What is the Kathmandu district Limbu figure at the 2021 census?
OpenAnnex 1 of the NPHC 2021 caste/ethnicity report, district table for Kathmandu.Does any Limbu-disaggregated literacy, education or income data exist?
OpenThe Nepal Living Standards Survey IV was consulted and contains no ethnicity disaggregation National Statistics Office, Nepal 2023 A. That is why this site can describe how many Limbus there are but not how they live.
What vitality rating does UNESCO’s World Atlas of Languages give Limbu?
OpenThe Atlas itself, which returned a server error throughout this pass.Are Yakwa, Kakphekwa, Balihang and Sisekpa Tangnam correct festival names?
OpenThe four names circulate widely but could not be independently verified in this pass Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C. “Yakwa” was confirmed only as the Khadamang’s seed-sowing permission rite, not as a separately named festival. Kirat Yakthung Chumlung UK’s own calendar names Sisekpa Tangnam (summer), Yakwa Tangnam (autumn) and Chasok Tangnam (harvest) as the festivals it observes — community attestation, but not obtained as a fetched quotation Kirat Yakthung Chumlung (Nepal), and Kirat Yakthung Chumlung UK. They are published here as unverified names, not as festivals.
What are the licences and attribution strings of the Wikimedia Commons files listed in the asset inventory?
OpenCommons file pages could not be fetched during the research pass, so every such image is catalogued as “verify on the page” and none is published here Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C.
What do Flickr and the Internet Archive hold?
OpenA proper search of both; neither was reachable in this pass.What Limbu holdings do the Nepal Picture Library and the Pitt Rivers Museum have?
OpenColonial-era ethnographic photographs come with their own history and would be captioned with photographer, date and circumstances rather than used as decoration Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C.
Is ᤏᤡᤱᤗᤣᤂᤢ the correct Sirijunga spelling of निङ्लेखु?
OpenThe Sirijunga form used in this site’s wordmark is the project’s own transliteration of the Devanagari, not an attested spelling: no source writes the clan name in Limbu script Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project 2026 C. It is set in Unicode, not in a hacked font, so a reader who knows the script can copy it and correct it Unicode Consortium 2003.
Most of these will not be answered by an archive. They will be answered by someone who was told the answer once, long ago.
Answer a questionSources for this page
Institutional or community publication
- C
Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project (2026). The Ninglekhu of Limbuwan: A source-critical history of a Yakthung clan, and of the people it belongs to. Ninglekhu/ku heritage documentation project (v1.0, 22 August 2026).